The Nyadran Ritual in Sidoarjo: Between the Commodification of Cultural Tourism and the Construction of Identity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/ettisal.v9i2.69Keywords:
Nyadran, Culture Commodification, Cultural Tourism, Identity Construction, Sidoarjo RegencyAbstract
The study of communal culture is currently crucial, particularly regarding how a community constructs its values and beliefs through various rituals. Over time, ritual procLuckmanften undergo modifications for existential reasons. One form of cultural object that has undergone commodification and serves as a medium for identity construction is the Nyadran ritual in Bluru Kidul Village, Sidoarjo Regency. Therefore, this study aims to (1) analyze the process of commodification of the Nyadran Bluru Kidul ritual from the perspective of Adorno and Horkehimer, (2) analyze changes in practice and meaning, as well as the impact of the commodification of Nyadran Bluru Kidul through a study of Bourdieu›s social praxis, (3) analyze the relationship between commodification and ritual as a medium for constructing identity in the Nyadran Bluru Kidul tradition in Berger and Luckman›s theory of reality construction. This research employed an ethnographic method with a qualitative-exploratory approach. Data were obtained through interviews, participant observation, documentation, and literature review. The data were analyzed using ethnographic thematic analysis techniques. The results show: First, that from the perspective of Adorno and Horkheimer›s theories regarding the commodification process, the following: 1) The transformation of Nyadran from a sacred ritual into a cultural tourism attraction, 2) The existence of pseudo-commodities of individuality and standardization of Nyadran, 3) The intersection between authenticity and market law. Second, Bourdieu›s analysis of social practices: 1) The form of habitus in the pre-commodification phase is through prayers for safety, a new habitus emerges as an implication of commodified Nyadran, 2) Capital accumulation and conversion have occurred, 3) Commodification has provided a stage for new actors. Third, Berger and Luckman›s perspective states that: the process of externalization, objectification, and commodified internalization have given birth to new identities resulting from negotiations between sacredness and the demands of the tourism market.
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